In Tasha’s Cauldron of Everything the ranger can choose an ability that gives them a climbing speed. Compared to the thief’s Second Story Work, the climbing speed is more reliable but only works on vertical surfaces, not ceiling. If that’s where you wanna go, you need to build a thief character. Rogues also can leverage their Reliable Talent at level 11.
Monk has Unarmored Movement at level 9 which also doesn’t work on ceiling, and additionally they need to land on flat ground between each round.
The Spider Climb spell does give you true ceiling walkability powers♥︎